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Sunday, February 20, 2022

My twilight story at the fountain.

WELCOME TO OUR BLOG YOU ARE INVITED , TO BROWSE AS LONG AS YOU LIKE. Anyhow, here I will publish my own diary and what I see happening in the world, and when I do not have much to say, I will write posts from my life story. 
Anyhow, you can also find this article at, http://oldman-lifeworks.blogspot.com 

My other sites; http://frankmenchise.com,http://diybrickwork.com,http://manneedsgod.co.uk  

You can see more at this addresses, DIY brickwork  and,  http://diybrickwork.com,   

This article can also be found at this link,  Personal twilight stories

Today this fountain is an old time monument, because it is not anymore the important place it used to be, when everyone was fetching water and meeting other people while doing it. So, today this forum is used a lot less, but sometimes they may have a feast or a play, and this is one of them, here the fountain is being used as a stage to play whatever they are playing. 


This is how the Cavallina fountain looks like, when we visit it from the town. The photo above this photo is the fountain in the background, as you can see for yourself.   

Welcome to our article, Personal twilight stories. 

This is another article of my life stories when I was young. 

So, let me begin telling this personal twilight story. Dear readers, we believe that there are people that believe in the spiritual world, and they believe many things that we are not sure whether we should believe them or not. Here I am talking about the twilight stories, ghostly stories, and dreams from the other side. You see, I believe that wherever we go in the world, when you visit old town or castles there are ghostly stories going around, some of them are hard to believe, but at the same time, we cannot prove that they do not exist, so, we have to give them the benefit of doubts; we have also to understand that dreams from the other side might be possible, as we don’t know enough to say that it is only our imagination and what we dream cannot exist; but that is our personal choice to believe whatever we want to believe.

Having said that, now let me tell you this story that I call, Cavallina fountain twilight story. Now as we have said, wherever you go, where there are ancient buildings or old places that have a history of their own, they have their own story to tell and they may have strange ghostly stories to tell; also in my native town of Genzano di Lucania there are old places with a history of their own. So, my native town of Genzano has also these ghostly stories, because old people say that these things exist and have happened to some of them. So, let me tell you a story that has happened to me and to some of my friends, when I was young. It may seem strange to believe that these ghostly things exist. Anyhow, here under is my own true story and what happened that night and why, and I believe that we were lucky it did not end in tragedy.

Now, we need to say that my mother, my grandma and other elders of the town of Genzano kept telling us not to go alone to this town fountain called Cavallina when it was dark, because people have seen strange things happening there, so, we young people were warned not to go there and if we had to go there not to go alone; but as we know, most young people do not believe their elders and want to find out for themselves, if what they say is true, and so did I and some of my friends one early night.

Anyhow, let me tell you why I want to tell you this story. Now because I was talking about Genzano town and this fountain, I remembered this ghostly event and a dream that I had about this fountain, and other creepy happenings and ghostly stories about this fountain; so, I want to tell you those stories that I was personally involved, not only at the time when I was young but also later on in my life. So, I hope you would like to hear them.

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The fountain twilight zone.

As we have said above, when I was young my mother, grandma and other elders of the town kept telling us not to go alone to this fountain Cavallina when it was dark, because people had seen ghostly sights; but if you had to go there not to go alone and go early evening, so, even when we were coming back from the fields from that side of town, and we had to go past this fountain we had to be careful as soon as it was dark, if you had to water your horse or donkey or whatever animals you had to water, we tried to water them during the day or early before dusk. We must say that there were other unspeakable activities that went on before dusk near this fountain, which we are going to tell you later in another article, because now we are talking about ghostly happenings at this fountain.

To cut a long story short, we are going to tell you what happened to me and some of my friends. As you know, young men in their later teens or early twenties are not easily scared and they start thinking that these ghostly stories are not true, so, we wanted to see it ourselves, therefore, I and a few friends of mine were going to pay a visit to this fountain Cavallina at night; so, one late evening we went to see this fountain Cavallina, we approached the fountain from above and there was nobody to be seen, so, we said to each other, you see there is nobody here and there are no ghosts around, we really thought that we were going to see something unusual at this fountain, so, we were disappointed saying to each other there are no ghosts to be seen.

So, we kept going to the fountain when we saw a white rabbit in a corner and soon we gave chase as we wanted to grab this rabbit, not just for fun, but because we wanted to eat the rabbit as meat was expensive those days. There were four of us giving chase to this white rabbit, but the rabbit kept escaping us, but we kept running after it and the rabbit was taking us very close to a ravine which had a drop of over ten meter and any one that would fall down there would instantly end up dead.

Anyhow, suddenly one of us said; what rabbit that is not a rabbit? Suddenly, we realized that we were not chasing a rabbit at all, but we were chasing a ghost or an evil spirit that was trying to take us over the ravine to kill us if we had followed it to the end, anyhow all four of us escaped unhurt, we were lucky that the rabbit chase ended that way. Now, let me explain these ghostly beliefs. It is said that ghost or evil spirits lose their full power when people realize that they are a supernatural apparition, so, in this case we were lucky when we realized that what we were chasing was not a rabbit, but it was an evil spirit; well at least this is what we were made to believe from the elders, when we told them our rabbit story.

What we have written above was one real life happening, but what I am going to tell you next is only a dream, but you can say that this dream that we are going to tell you belongs also to the twilight zone, just like my life story about chasing the white rabbit belongs to the twilight zone, because it involves spiritual beliefs.

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 The fountain twilight dream. 

What we have written above, was one of my real-life happenings; but what we are going to tell you next is only a dream, but we can say that this dream belongs to the twilight zone, like the story above about chasing the white rabbit belongs to the twilight zone.

So, let me tell you, my dream; you see, I was dreaming about an old person who wanted to teach me something at the Cavallina fountain, which is the same fountain where we were chasing the white rabbit, in the story above. I know that you are thinking that this is a stupid reason to tell you a dream. But before you judge me and my dream read what I have to say, because it could be interesting, if you believe that dreams have some useful meanings, or they can come from the spiritual world or afterlife world.

To understand my dream, I need to explain that this old person might have been the spirit my great, great, great grandma who lived not far from this fountain Cavallina, and who had used this fountain during her life many times; perhaps she had lived through one of this contagious disease that require washing everything properly to avoid contamination, because this is what she wanted to teach me during the dream.

When I dreamed this dream I was in Australia in my late forties, but in my dream I was only a boy about ten or eleven years old, (I suppose that this difference in age in the dream wanted to show me that the old lady was very ancient spirit compared to me), so, this very old lady was standing beside me at this fountain Cavallina; strange as it may seem, I had taken some dishes and other eating utensil from the old house, where my grandma lived to wash at the fountain; the old lady was telling me to wash everything under the first spout of the fountain and keep everything in the first bay near this first spout, so that they would not be contaminated, and so I did; but as you know dreams sometime are very strange and suddenly I found that some of my dishes were in the second bay of the fountain, so, I started to worry about it, but the old lady said to me not to worry about it, I was protesting to her saying that you said that the other bays are contaminated, and she said don’t worry just for this time and you will soon know why, when you wake up.

When I woke up I realized that it was only a dream, so, I understood why the old lady had said do not worry about the dishes in the second bay of the fountain, it was because it was only a dream and the dishes even though had been contaminated in my dream, I was not going to use them, because they were only in my dreams, and they were thousands of miles away, in another era and in another place. I believe that the old lady was one of my forbears who popped up in my dreams to teach me a lesson about food contamination or something like that, and she did.

Well, today you can say that we know that to avoid contamination you have to keep everything clean and that is true; we can also use some disinfectant that can kill all germs, so, there is not much to learn from this dream. But you see, the old lady did this in a dream using the level of general knowledge when she was alive, which most likely was a lot lower than today standard. Anyhow, that is what I dreamed, and I think it is cool, if we believe in dreams. And now let us see what else I can tell you about my personal twilight stories.

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Strange things happen. 

We have already told you a couple of our twilight stories above. So, let me tell you another story that is very similar to the stories above, and can be said it is another twilight story.

To understand this story, it is necessary that first I describe the place where it has happened and the reasons why it has happened there, and then tell you what happened.

This is another twilight story that happened to me when I was a teenager, I think that I could have been 17 years old, and I was sleeping alone in our family farm. Our farm buildings consisted of two large rustic rooms plus other small buildings beside them, one of these buildings was used to store all the farm carts and machinery and the other was our main building that we used for the farm animals and ourselves. Now before I continue, I need to say that our farm was wall to wall with other farmers next door, so, I was not completely alone in the middle of nowhere. The reason I have said that, is to explain that while I was left alone in charge of all the animals in our building at night so young, it was possible because our farm was besides this other farm building, where other people were sleeping at night, so, it was safe from robbers and other things, as we could always call on each other for help. 

The main and larger building where I was sleeping, consisted of a rustic building about 12 meters long and 8 meters wide or there about; two third of this building was used for the farm animals, like horses, mules, donkeys and cows who were tied to their mangers’ during the night, the other third was used for ourselves, here we stored some oats and other valuable produce that we would use to feed the animals and the rest of this space was for us humans, where we could cook our meals and sleep at night while we were attending the farm animals. Now before I tell you the twilight story, I need to say that in this building there was also two pair of domestic pigeons that nested there and they would fly around the building during the day, at night they stayed in their nest or perched on some place in the building.

Now that we have explained the set-up, let me tell you what happen one night, this was the night when my grandpa died, and this farm house was his farm house and it had been their family farm for generations, so, the old man was very attached to his farm; anyhow, I was alone and sleeping in the farm the night he died and while I was sleeping I could somehow feel that something was flying around the farm house, whatever it was, it was going and stopping for a few seconds here and there as if it wanted to inspect the place, once it had done that it flew out of the small open window at the back of the farm building, and that was all I felt in my sleepy rustic bed.

Next day the news came that my grandpa had passed away that night, and that I had to go to town to attend his funeral. One may say that this is a strange story and perhaps I was only dreaming that night about this something that went around the farm building, but one should also consider that if souls really exist, then my grandpa soul came to say goodbye to his earthly possessions and to me his grandchild.

That is all for the time being, but I know that I can add here another twilight story, but this story is going to be very difficult to tell, so, I will write it another time.

Anyhow, we have been talking about Genzano di Lucania, which is the town that I have come from. So, we want to write a couple more articles to complete our first group about my Italian life story, then I will be talking about my Australian life story.

But then, in Genzano something terrible has happened, so, our next article, is one of those things that one wishes they would never happen, and we can only tell you the sad story, Massacre in Genzano di Lucania

To see more click on this link, 

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Saturday, February 12, 2022

The town I came from.

WELCOME TO OUR BLOG YOU ARE INVITED , TO BROWSE AS LONG AS YOU LIKE. Anyhow, here I will publish my own diary and what I see happening in the world, and when I do not have much to say, I will write posts from my life story. 
Anyhow, you can also find this article at, http://oldman-lifeworks.blogspot.com 

My other sites; http://frankmenchise.com,http://diybrickwork.com,http://manneedsgod.co.uk  

You can see more at this addresses, DIY brickwork  and,  http://diybrickwork.com,   

This article can also be found at this link, The town I came from


This is an areal photo of Genzano di Lucania. It does not look much seen from the air, but Genzano is one of those towns that has an history of its own, as most old towns do, anyhow, this is the town that I have come from. 

The town I came from


Welcome to our article, The town I came from. 

Dear readers, I am an emigrant, so, let me tell you about the town I have come from. My native town is Genzano di Lucania. Anyhow, when we are in a foreign country, I believe that it does not matter where we come from, we are always proud of our heritage; we should be proud of it, because it makes us feel better.  

But we who had to leave our native towns, to find a better way of life somewhere else, when we are asked this question where we come from, we want to avoid a straight answer, for fear that the people that are asking us want to upset us. Apart from that it can be a philosophical question meaning where we human have come from, or if we come from another country. So, we are careful to answer that.

While we try to answer their question the best way we can, we think about our fife journey and the town that we have come from; in my case I would say I have come from Genzano di Lucania. Then, while we continue to answer their questions; we start thinking that we might be born with our own destiny, since we left our native town, at least some of us believe that we have a destiny. You see for this reason I believe that my destiny has played a part and has taken me away from my native town.

Some people might think that you don’t like your native town, and that is the reason why you left it; but it is not like that at all, because wherever you are born and grow up it is going to be your native town for the rest of your life. You see, every one of us is proud of our native towns or country where we are born, if we were not proud of our heritage we would be unworthy of ourselves, so, I hope that you understand why I want to talk about Genzano my native home town. After all, Genzano di Lucania is a good town that one can be proud to have come from, so, let us talk about it.  

Where is Genzano di Lucania in Basilicata, Italy located?

Click on the link above to see the map, another map is in our article, Genzano di Lucania.

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The town where I came from. 

Dear readers, allow me to describe the town I left, when I migrated to Australia. Now, I want to talk about my native town, so that you can understand the ways that we used to live in this town when I was young. We want to do that to compare the difference, and to perceive and feel my life story in the same way and depth as I have felt it, while I was living my young life at that place. About my life in the farm I have written several articles, they are at these addresses: 

 My life my struggles,  An old man life story ,  A man life journey,  An old man story,  My farm life experience.

Anyhow, let us go back to the time when I was young, to describe the town and their costumes, so, we can understand the ways that these people have lived their lives for centuries; therefore, the reason why they were living the way they were living at the time when I was young. Now because I was born there, I was caught in their ways of living, which left a lot to be desired for, if we compare it to the ways that we live in Australia today.

The town where I came from is situated in Southern Italy; its full name is ‘Genzano Di Lucania’, to distinguish it from ‘Genzano di Roma’. But when we talk about Genzano, it causes a curious fact in Australia, because to most people living in Australia the name of ‘Genzano’ sounds like ‘Cinzano’ which is a famous wine brand. So, they start asking questions whether my native town is the town where the good wine originated. But unfortunately ‘Genzano’ the town which I have come from has got nothing to do with that famous wine brand. Although we have some good vineyards in the town territory, and they make good wines.

The wine that we made from our vineyards was for our family use, but sometimes we would sell the extra wine locally. I will tell you more about this wine making in the article: Wine making the old ways

But talking about wines and wine making, it makes me think of something unusual and scenic in this town of Genzano, which people from outside town and not familiar with this set up would be amazed to see; because the people of Genzano make their wines inside large caves, dug in the walls of a chasm. Now let us imagine how all this wine making in the cave came about, in this southern region of Italy. To understand that, let us look at the ancient towns of this region of Italy. 


L`Annunziata church
This must be the oldest part of Genzano still existing, if there was anything else we do not know. Anyhow, this church and monastery was built around 1300 AD. It is said that after this monastery was built, the present Genzano was built.   

Old towns of southern Italy. 

Now, let us go back to those ancient times when people used to live in the caves everywhere, then they evolved and built towns; the towns were built according to their geographical position and the need of the people. So, the town of Genzano and other towns, were built according to the following explanation.  

In the old continent of Europe as well as in Southern Italy, lots of medieval towns were built on a rugged hill, or something similar for reason of safety, as we know in ancient times and in the Middle Ages towns had to be built in such positions, in order to make it hard for the enemy to get into town, and easy for the inhabitants to defend the town from aggressions. Today these towns are a sight to see like this photo that I have come across on the Internet. This here under is one of the scenic towns of southern Italy; it is a bit similar to my hometown of Genzano.

Very old town Matera

And here I quote;

It seems as though everyone in this region moved into caves, which came to be known as i sassi (stones). You would think Sasso Caveoso and Sasso Barisano (which begin at Piazza V. Veneto) were just typical Italian hilltowns until you realize the "houses" are all windowless grottoes with damp walls and earthen floors, where the family's animals slept side-by-side with the humans.

Far from being uncivilized, these rock towns had intricate hydraulic systems that kept water fresh and cool year round. Eventually the caves gained façades and roofs, but the interiors remained virtually unchanged. Nearly 15,000 people were still living in them in 1952, when the government finally declared them unhealthy and outlawed their use. There are several places where you can visit a typically furnished sasso: the most indicative is probably the one at Vico Solitario 12, in Sasso Caveoso.

End Of quote:

Dear readers, to see what I have just said, you have to visit my original article and hope that the photos load up. 


Today this old massive building is the Town Hall of Genzano, but in the past it was the castle of Genzano. From this side today, it looks easy to reach the castle walls, but it was not so in the past.  

The old Genzano town. 

Here we need to say that the history of the existence of Genzano is ancient, as there is some evidence that the town of Genzano existed when Christianity began in the Roman times. Some historian says that the Romans started Genzano town about the VI century BC when they had this ‘Pagus Gentianum settlement to control this part of their territory. But in this story we are talking about Genzano of the thirteenth century or there about; it is built on a strip of land situated between two chasms, and these chasms are situated at the edge of a high plateau 588 meters above sea level; and the modern Genzano is a continuation of the ancient part of this town, which has kept steadily growing onto the high plateau.

In the old continent of Europe as well as in Southern Italy, lots of medieval towns were built on a rugged hill for safety reasons, some of these people that went to live in these towns were people that lived in rugged accommodations, these rugged accommodation could have been caves where the terrain was right to dig caves, but they were not real cavemen, as they were just people who later became the inhabitants of the towns. Also the town of Genzano has a similar story and a large part of its inhabitants came from these caves below the town itself. And here we would like to describe the ancient nature of these caves, and why these caves were made, and who made them.

In the beginning of this current Era, because of the nature of the terrain of the high plateau, which was sandy at one end, allowed the rainwater to erode the soil forming two deep chasms; which by memory I consider to be 30 meter plus in depth. So, the ancient part of Genzano town was built on the remains of the edge of an old high plateau, which the rainwaters had slowly dug and taken away the soil downstream, leaving a high strip of land which was narrowing till the chasms met. And upon this triangular and narrow piece of high land, the inhabitant of Genzano began to build their own town.

But before they built their own town of Genzano, these people must have been living somewhere else. It is most likely that they were living in the caves of the chasm, which their forbears as the first and permanent inhabitants of this region had dug in the walls of the chasms.

The walls of the chasms being Tuffaceous and very compact, and sandy in nature with a few layers of sandstone at different levels, it had been possible for the first inhabitant to dig in the walls of the chasms and make a cave. And the large caves are reasonably safe from cave-ins; an average cave can be 6 or 7 meters wide, and 6 or 7 meters high at the entrance, and some twenty meters long becoming a bit smaller at the far end.

Now if you stop to think for a moment, how hard it must have been to dig in the walls of the chasms to make caves, it must have been a mammoth of a job to dig those caves.

So, we can easily say that life is a struggle, as it was a struggle even then to dig those caves. In fact, we believe that life then was much harder than today. Because to hand excavate those caves must have been hard work, and it must have taken them ages and millions of men’s hours, as there are lots of caves in the chasms, in fact, it could be that there are one hundred caves in Genzano territory. Now because this happened a long time ago, nobody knows who the first inhabitants of the caves were, or where they came from, and how many of these caves they made in the beginning.

 Who could they be? 

We believe that the first inhabitant of this region was a group of shepherds grazing their herds and having found shelter from the cold winds or rain in the chasm, they stopped there and tried to improve this natural shelter; so, they started to dig these caves for themselves and for their flocks. Or they were people that were fleeing away from their enemies and having found a sort of shelter in the shape of the chasms, they stopped there and made it their home.

Today one of the chasms is still called the Greek chasm from the elders of Genzano, and this means that at least sometime in the past people from Greece have lived there. About the Greek people there is another story, so, we will come back later to tell you about it in, Genzano Greek chasm and Madonna story

But now we want to tell you, about when the inhabitants of the caves build their own houses on this strip of land at the top of the chasms, which later became the town of Genzano.

Now there is a legend about the name of Genzano; there were two lovers (Yens and San, since in the local dialect is pronounced Yensan), or was it this Roman name of Pagus Gentianum that slowly changed to Genzano, we can only guess, therefore, the name of the town and the time when Genzano came into existence nobody knows.

Anyhow, whatever we can say about our native town, when somebody asks me, where you come from? I will say, Genzano is the town I came from.

That is all for this article, see you soon in our next article,  Personal twilight stories

To see more klick on this link, The town I came from

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Sunday, February 6, 2022

Genzano history as we know it.

WELCOME TO OUR BLOG YOU ARE INVITED , TO BROWSE AS LONG AS YOU LIKE. Anyhow, here I will publish my own diary and what I see happening in the world, and when I do not have much to say, I will write posts from my life story. 
Anyhow, you can also find this article at, http://oldman-lifeworks.blogspot.com 

My other sites; http://frankmenchise.com,http://diybrickwork.com,http://manneedsgod.co.uk  

You can see more at this addresses, DIY brickwork  and,  http://diybrickwork.com,   

This article can also be found at this link, Genzano di Lucania history 


Photo of the oldest part of Genzano seen from a field. Genzano today is a town, with a population of about 6000 people, this is after most people migrated. Anyhow, they say that Genzano at one stage had a population of about 10,000 people, but then a lot of people have migrated. 

Welcome to our article, Genzano di Lucania history as we know it.

This article is being written mainly for the people that come from Genzano di Lucania, since they know what we are going to talk about. Anyhow, today I want to write a few things about my native town of Genzano, and I am going to write it, just the way I remember it.

When I think about Genzano, the first things that come to my mind, is the way of life that we were living there, then I remember my school days and teacher (Ettore Lorito), because when I was at school in Genzano di Lucania, my teacher was writing a book about Genzano di Lucania. I wish I had this book with me to talk about Genzano, but I don’t. So, I am going to say only those things that I remember.

((Now, if you speak Italian, I can navigate you to the link of Ettore-Lorito writings about Genzano: Go to my blog, http://genzanoit.blogspot.com/, on the left there is a column with links, near the top is, Genzano in italiano (1) click on it, go down the page and click on Scrittori e poeti, click on Ettore Lorito, now that you are on Ettore Lorito site choose what you want to read.))

So, let us begin our story; how the town of Genzano came into existence, we don’t know. Anyhow, we will start with what most people believe today, which is a folklore story that has been passed down from previous generations. Most people today believe that it was this queen of Monteserico that was the real founder of modern Genzano, but there are other stories as well.

Anyhow, there are other ancient stories that go around, one of these stories tells us that there was a youth called Yens, he was an excellent flute player, he fell in love with a princes called San who also fell in love with him; because they loved each other one day this princess San ran away from home and she joined Yens and Yens family, who were living in Genzano territory; in the caves in the chasm below the future Genzano of today.

Knowing that this girl was a princess, Yens and his family decided to give her a better place to live in, so, they started to build something fit for a princess on the hill above the caves. This is how Genzano started the very first time and the name of Genzano is the name of the two lovers put together (Yens-San), anyhow, this is how I know this story. We believe that we have mentioned this in another article; The heritage chapter, of course, there are other stories as well.  

This is one of Genzano castle, situated in the town, and used as the town hall. The other castle is in the country, and has got its own history.  

Some Genzano written history

Now, let us see what else we can say about Genzano history; there is no certainty about the following, because the origins of places are hard to know, but what follow here is a compact history of Genzano di Lucania.

Some historians say that the Romans started Genzano town about the VI century BC when they had this ‘Pagus Gentianum settlement to control this part of their territories. Now let us talk about what a recent writer has discovered in the archive of Potenza; one of the first times that Genzano is mentioned in the archives is that of two brothers Secondo and Donato; in the year 258 AD, they were beheaded in Genzano ordered from council Valeriano, which I guess was a Roman council for that part of Italy.

Another one of the earliest and first written stories about Genzano, goes back to Roman times again, or about when the Roman Empire started to crumble.

The Western Roman Empirecollapsed in 476 as Romulus Augustus was forced to abdicate to the Germanic warlord Odoacer.

But even before the Roman Empire collapsed there is an event somewhere in the Roman history where they talk about a Genzano town, I assume that they are talking about Genzano di Lucania. This event has been mentioned in The heritage chapter. This seems to be the oldest written record found about Genzano history.

So, let us go back to talk about Genzano of today. As we want to keep this article compact, we jump several centuries. Next most important historic event is the Normans in Italy, this part of Italy was under the Normans control for a while and they ran most of their conquest from the castle of Monteserico, one of the Normans leaders was Roberto il Guiscardo; Anyhow after the Normans this part of the country passed several other owners, as it was used in the old system of feudality; this lasted until the year 1806 when the king of Naples Giuseppe Bonaparte, abrogated feudality.

To know more about Genzano, click on the link below.

www.comune.genzano.pz.it/

There are many stories about Genzano; some of these stories we have written here-under.

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Saint Anthony protector of Genzano. 

As we know most towns in the world have a protector or patron. So, let us tell you about Genzano di Lucania protector; this story about Genzano protector; may well be after the time when the Roman Empire collapsed: And this story that we are telling you here is about St. Antonio Abate, who is still today the patron saint of Genzano, this story goes back to the fifth century AD or there about, Genzano town already existed then, as we have proof in the archive of Potenza that two martyrs were executed in Genzano in the year 258 AD.

Anyhow, there was a war going on at that time. The town of Genzano made resistance to the enemy aggression and its demands, so, it was put under siege. The enemy was furious and was going to destroy Genzano. They set their war machines ready for tomorrow to begin the assault of Genzano and destroy it. The town of Genzano was in grave danger, but that night the weather rained, snowed and became bitterly cold, it was so cold that froze everything stiff, so cold and frozen were the war machines that they could not be used or even moved, and the weather was cold for a long time afterward, until the enemy became tired and left; and that’s how Genzano was saved from destruction. The day that this event happened was on the 17th day of January, which is the day of St. Antonio Abate according to the Roman Catholic calendar. See what I found on the Internet about this great saint:

Anthony the Great or Antony the Great (c. 251–356), (CopticⲀⲃⲃⲁⲀⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓ), also known as Saint AnthonyAnthony the AbbotAnthony of Egypt,Anthony of the Desert,Anthony the AnchoriteAbba Antonius (Ἀββᾶς Ἀντώνιος), andFather of All Monks, was a Christiansaint from Egypt, a prominent leader among the Desert Fathers. He is celebrated in many churches on his feast days: 30 January in the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Coptic Orthodox Church; 17 January in the Roman Catholic Church and the Coptic Catholic Church.

The biography of Anthony's life by Athanasius of Alexandria helped to spread the concept of monasticism, particularly in Western Europe through Latin translations.

Anthony is appealed to against infectious diseases, particularly skin diseases. "Saint Anthony's fire" has described different afflictions including ergotism,erysipelas and shingles.

End of Internet report about Saint Anthony.

Now that we have explained who was this great Saint Anthony, let us tell you how the story goes: The folks of Genzano believe that this incredible happening of cold weather was due to divine intervention through St. Antonio Abate: And this is the reason why St. Antonio Abate was made Patron Saint and protector of Genzano; this belief about Saint Anthony has lasted to the present time; so, even today when there is a problem in this town, let us say it has not rained for a long time, so, rain is needed for the fields to grow, the priest and the people soon take Sant’Antonio out in a procession through the town and into the country, in the hope that Sant’Antonio will help to make it rain. This is how the people of Genzano venerate this great Saint Anthony.

Now let us go back to Genzano history, for a very long time after this happening there is no written history about Genzano, therefore, nobody knows what happened. History seems to slowly restart at the beginning of the second millennium, see our next story. The Normans in Italy

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This is the castle of Monteserico, used by the Normans when they where in Italy. 

The Normans in Italy. 

The history of Genzano Monteserico castle and the Normans as we know it.

Now, let me start with a personal story, because this story explains things that I did not know before. Since I came to Australia, I have worked in the building industry where I met this Frenchmen called Luis, we knew each other well. Luis came to Australia when France left Algeria and the army of Algeria was dismantled, Luis was a captain in the army, so, he had learned many things including army history.

Anyhow, one day I was looking on the TV at the Tour of France, this stage was run in Normandy, so while I was looking at the country side I saw this castle in the background, which I could have sworn that it was exactly like the castle that I had seen thousands of times from my farm in southern Italy. So, next time when I met Luis, I told about this castle; and I had a surprise, because no sooner I mentioned the castle of Monteserico that Luis knew all about it, so, he explained to me.

The Normans have only built two castles one in France and another in southern Italy, and from this castle of Monteserico they dominated all their conquests of southern Italy. So, here is the proof that Luis gave me, which is that the castle of Monteserico has been built from the Normans; but I was wandering whether it could be true.

Luis story only shows us that this castle of Monteserico has been used from the Normans, because there are other stories about its origin; in fact there is even a story that this castle could have been built from a Roman family to run the surrounding countryside, or it might have been built as a monastery in the beginning of the Christian Era, and then went through several changes and owners that used it in different ways. It was built above caves where indigenous people used to live a very long time ago.

Anyhow the fact remains that the Norman really had possessed the castle of Monteserico, because history shows us that in the X or XI century there indeed was a great battle around this castle won by the Norman, therefore, the Normans used this castle to dominate their conquests in southern Italy. To see more click on links below;

Normans - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Here we can add this link, about this castle of Monteserico and about Genzano history, it is a site created years ago from this Architect of Genzano, C. Pietrapertosa, (it is written in Italian)

Arch. Pietrapertosa - Storia e dintorni - Genzano di Lucania,

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Now let us talk about the modern Genzano. They started to rebuild the modern Genzano about the twelfth or the thirteen centuries. The folklore story says that in this castle of Monteserico that the Norman had used, this castle is about fifteen kilometers East-Southeast of Genzano. This is an old castle built or modified from the Norman’s or somebody after the fall of the Roman Empire when they overrun Italy. They say that a long time ago there was a small town around the castle, but today there is no evidence of it and no real history when it ceased to exist. All we know is that today near this castle there is a small chapel. Anyhow when the Norman domination came to an end, it was owned from other important people and one day there was this Spanish Princes called Aquilina Sancia, that one day would become the new founder of Genzano town, the people of Genzano feel grateful towards her, and most people that don’t know the entire history think that Aquilina Sancia is the founder of Genzano.

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Aquilina Sancia queen of Monteserico. 

The story and folklore of Genzano says that it was Aquilina Sancia, who happened to own the castle of Monteserico at the time when Genzano needed help to restart again. Anyhow, this princess in the early 14 century she helped Genzano town restart. Aquilina Sancia some people say is a Spanish Princess, other people say that this Aquilina Sancia was indeed a Spanish princess, but she had to do something with the Sforza family and she was a queen. But, anyhow this castle of Monteserico that we are talking about, at that time was owned by this rich and powerful family and queen named ‘Aquilina Sancia’ who lived in this castle, which is a solid coarse fortress built on a treeless roundish hill with extensive views of the countryside.

We assume at that time were mostly grazing lands, with sheep shepherds and some other livestock, and some wheat farming in a small way? So, it would have been ideal for a queen to get away from it all, and still feel safe in that small fortress.

Anyhow, this Aquilina Sancia Queen of Monteserico, while she was living in this castle, she liked to travel in her stagecoach or on horseback between Monteserico castle and the new Genzano of those times, Genzano was then only a small town but she liked it, so, she helped it to become it a real town. The folklore story goes that she used a secret tunnel, or a secret way between these two places, because no one could understand how she could manage to travel without being seen, because, while she was thought to be in Monteserico castle, suddenly she would appear in Genzano without seeing her coming or going. She must have been very rich because it is said that, she hid a treasure that to these days has not been found, and the most valuable items consist of a ‘Gold Mother Hen with Chicks’ which has been hidden somewhere in Monteserico castle or in the secret tunnels or there about.

To me all those hidden riches and the large secret tunnel that she could run in with her stagecoach is folklore fantasy. But perhaps there was a small tunnel in Monteserico castle and one in Genzano small castle that she turned into a monastery, this could allow her to come and go without being seen. In theory it was possible that she could drive her stagecoach in one of the caves in the chasm bellow the monastery, and from there through a small tunnel find the way into the monastery above. Therefore, there may be some truth about the tunnel story.

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How the modern Genzano came into being. 

Even today the people believe that this queen of Monteserico, built a monastery where an old building was, this old building could have been the house of Yens and Princess San; anyhow because of this monastery the people in the country started moving back in the new town of Genzano, this is how the modern town of Genzano was found and she was loved from building this monastery. It is said that in her old age she moved in this monastery and died there. She wrote her will in the year 1327 before she passed away.

But let us tell the story as we see it; we can imagine that the people of those times loved this Queen, because of the good turn she gave the folks of the new Genzano; since we can say that she was the founder of the new Genzano, because she built the first church in Genzano called ‘L’Annunziata’ together with a rich monastery, the order of ‘The Sacred Nuns’ which has lasted up to 1905 the early part of the twentieth century. In those times, the building of the church and the monastery brought a change of life to those people that were living in the caves of the chasm and in the fields, because; after that church building, they started to build more houses near their church and monastery, and slowly Genzano became a real town.

After most of the cave people moved to live into town, the caves became partly empty. But by now the inhabitant of the caves new that those caves, were ideal to make wine in them, since they have a constant cool temperature throughout the year, therefore, the wine keep well for a long time, and since then they have made their wines in those caves.

Looking at the caves when I was young, you would be amazed to see when they make their wines, and indeed it is an interesting thing to see, if you happen to be there at the time when they harvest their grapes and they make their wines. Because the chasm and its caves becomes alive in its own archaic ways, see our article, Wine making the old ways I think we have said enough in this article, so, I say see you in our next article, The town I came from. See you soon. 

To see more click on this link, Genzano di Lucania history

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World views diary November 2024

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